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7.18     Why is dioxygen a gas but sulphur a solid?

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Oxygen is smaller in size as compared to the sulphur. Thus it can effectively form p\pi-p\pi bond and form O_{2}(O=O) molecules. The intermolecular forces in oxygen are weak van der Wall's, which cause it to exist as gas.whereas sulphur exists as a puckered structure held together by strong covalent bonds. Hence, it is solid.

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Pankaj Sanodiya

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