Alum helps in purifying water by
forming Si complex with clay particles
Sulphate part which combines with the dirt and removes it
Coagulating the mud particles
making mud water soluble.
The negatively charged colloidal particles of impurities get neutralised by the ions. This leads to their coagulation due to which they settle down and pure water can be decanted off.
Hence, the correct answer is Option (3)
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