An electron beam is accelerated by a potential difference V to hit a metallic target to produce X-rays. It produces continuous as well as characteristic X-rays. If λmin is the smallest possible wavelength of X-ray in the spectrum, the variation of log λmin with log V is correctly represented in :
The smallest possible wavelength of an X-ray produced by an electron beam hitting a metallic target is determined by the energy of the electron beam, which is related to the potential difference V used to accelerate the electrons.
As the potential difference V is increased, the minimum wavelength decreases logarithmically.
This relationship can be expressed as
log ,
where the constant includes the terms .
The slope of this relationship is -1, indicating a straight line.
Therefore, the variation of log with log V is a straight line with a negative slope of -1.
This relationship is based on the physics of X-ray production, where the energy of an X-ray photon is related to the energy of the electron beam. The minimum wavelength λmin is determined by the minimum energy required to produce an X-ray photon. This minimum energy is related to the potential difference V used to accelerate the electrons.
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