Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing dipole moment.
(I) Toluene (II) m−dichlorobenzene (III) o−dichlorobenzene (IV) p−dichlorobenzene
Answer:
Dipole moment of p – dichlorobenzene is zero because of symmetrical structure. o- and m-dichlorobenzene have higher dipole moments than toluene due to high electronegativity of chlorine than –CH3 group. Further, to the o-dichlorobenzene has higher dipole moment due to lower bond angle than the m-isomer. Hence, the order of increasing dipole moment is :
P –dichlorobenzene (IV) < toluene (I) < m –dichlorobenzene (II) < o –dichlorobenzene (III)
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