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Consider the following matrix of names of organisms.
|
Halobacterium, Halococcus, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Methanobacterium, Thermoproteus, E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, Euglena, Heliobacter pylori, Thermoplasma |
How many of these are archaebacteria?
Option: 1
Six
Option: 2
Three
Option: 3
Five
Option: 4
Seven
Answers (1)
Archaebacteria -
- These are primitive bacteria that mostly live in harsh habitats.
- Their cell walls lack muramic acid and peptidoglycan instead it contains protein and non-cellulosic polysaccharides
- They are of three major types i.e. Methanogens, Halophiles and Thermoacidophiles.
- Examples of archaebacteria include Methanobacterium, Thermoproteus etc.
Methanogens
- These are archaebacteria found in marshy areas.
- These archaebacteria decompose carbon dioxide and formic acid into methane.
- Methanogens are commercially used to produce gobar gas.
- Methanogens are found in the rumen of ruminant animals also where they help in digestion of cellulose.
- E.g. Methanobacterium, Methanococcus etc.
Halophiles
- These archaebacteria are found in salty areas.
- They can live in high salt condition because of the presence of special lipids in their membranes, presence of mucilage covering, absence of sap vacuole and high internal salt content.
- Halophiles are chemoheterotroph
- E.g. Halobacterium, Halococcus.
Thermoacidophiles
- These archaebacteria can tolerate high temperatures and high acid conditions.
- Thermoacidophiles contain enzymes that can operate at high temperatures.
- They are found in hot sulphur springs and thermal vents.
- These are chemosynthetic i.e. they use sulphur to synthesize their food.
- E.g. Thermoplasma, Thermoproteus.
-Halobacterium, Halococcus, Methanobacterium, Thermoplasma, Thermoproteus.
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