Enzymes are classified according to the reaction they catalyse. There are following types of enzymes:
- Oxidoreductases or Dehydrogenases: catalyze the transfer of hydrogen and electrons from one redox system to another.
- Transferases: catalyze the transfer of groups from one molecule to another.
- Hydrolases: these cause cleavage of bonds using water.
- Lyases: also known as synthases; catalyze reactions involving either the cleavage or formation of chemical bonds; cleavage of bond does not require water.
- Isomerases: move groups within a molecule, without changing the gross composition of the substrate.
- Ligases: these are energy-dependent and are therefore always coupled to the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates
Isomerases catalyse moving groups within a molecule, without changing the gross composition of the substrate. This changes the shape of the molecule.

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