Translocation in the phloem is defined with respect to:
Gravity
Source to Sink
Apoplast and Symplast pathway
Both (a) and (b)
Translocation in the phloem is the term used to describe the movement of various molecules, such as sucrose, amino acids, and other compounds, through the phloem of a plant. Gravity does not affect the translocation of nutrients in the phloem system. As opposed to this, sucrose is translocated from the point of supply (the leaf), which is the source to the point of metabolism or storage, which is referred to as a sink. Depending on the requirements of the plant, the source and sink points can be reversed. Hence, the correct answer is option 2.