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NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 5 Surface Chemistry

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NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 5 Surface Chemistry

Edited By Saumya.Srivastava | Updated on Aug 16, 2022 12:14 PM IST | #CBSE Class 12th

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 5 Surface Chemistry - In this chapter, some important topics of surface chemistry will be discussed. These topics include catalysis, adsorption and collisions which also involves emulsions and gels. NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry chapter 5 Surface Chemistry emphasises on answers with the help of a phenomena that occur at the surfaces or interfaces. This chapter carries 4 marks in the CBSE Board exams.

NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 5 Surface Chemistry
NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 5 Surface Chemistry

The NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry chapter 5 Surface Chemistry are prepared by chemistry experts and presented in a step-by-step manner. These solutions will help you in the board exam preparation as well as in the competitive exams. By referring to the NCERT solutions for class 12, students can understand all the important concepts and practice questions well. Read further to know more about NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 5 PDF download.

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Find NCERT solutions for class 12 chemistry chapter 5 Surface Chemistry below:

Solutions to In Text Questions Ex 5.1 to 5.8

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Question 5.1 Write any two characteristics of Chemisorption.

Answer :

Two characteristics of Chemisorption-

  1. The bond formation between the solid(adsorbent) and the gas molecules is by chemical bonds like a covalent bond or ionic bond.
  2. It is highly specific in nature and also irreversible.

Question 5.2 Why does physisorption decreases with the increase of temperature?

Answer :

Physisorption is an exothermic process:

\underset{(Adsorbent)}{Solid}\:+\:\underset{(Adsorbate)}{Gas}\rightleftharpoons \:Gas adsorbed on solid+Heat

So, therefore, according to Le-Chateliers principle, it decreases with increase in temperature.

Question 5.3 Why are powdered substances more effective absorbents than their crystalline forms?

Answer :

Since adsorption is a surface phenomenon. So, the extent of adsorption directly depends on the surface area. Thus, the powdered substances more effective absorbents than their crystalline forms due to their large surface area which can adsorb more gas as compared to the crystalline form.

Question 5.4 In Haber's process, hydrogen is obtained by reacting methane with steam in the presence of a catalyst. The process is known as steam reforming. Why is it necessary to remove CO when ammonia is obtained in Haber's process?

Answer :

It is necessary to remove CO when ammonia is obtained in Haber's process because the CO acts as a poison for iron catalyst so it can affect the activity of iron catalyst used in this process.

Question 5.5 Why is the ester hydrolysis slow in the beginning and becomes faster after sometime?

Answer :

Ester hydrolysis-

Ester(RCOOR) + water(H_{2}O) \rightarrow Acid(RCOOH) + Alcohol (ROH)

Initially, the reaction is slow but after some time the reaction is fast because of the acid produced, act as a catalyst for this reaction. These type of reaction known as auto-catalysis.

Question 5.6 What is the role of desorption in the process of catalysis?

Answer :

In catalytic reaction, the reactant attached on the surface of the catalyst and form complex and after some procedure, it becomes the product of the reaction. We need to detach it from the surface of the catalyst to get the product and catalyst separately and hereby desorption process, we can get the product.

Question 5.7 What modification can you suggest in the Hardy Schulze law?

Answer :

According to Hardy-Schulze law that ‘the higher the valence of the flocculating ion added, the higher is its power to cause precipitation. Here he does not about the size of the ion, which polarises the other oppositely charged ion. Hence the modified law should be "the greater the polarising power of flocculating ion added, the greater is its power to cause precipitation."

Question 5.8 Why is it essential to wash the precipitate with water before estimating it quantitatively?

Answer :

The precipitate is formed from reactions so it contains some chemical or unwanted substances traces (like impurities, catalyst and reactant). For quantitative estimation of the product, we need to remove these additional substances which get adsorbed onto the surface of the required product and it gives us the wrong information about the product of the reaction. So to avoid this problem we wash the precipitate with the water (most of the impurities are water soluble).


NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 5 Surface Chemistry Exercises

Question 5.1 Distinguish between the meaning of term adsorption and absorption. Give one example of each.

Answer :

Adsorption- It is a surface phenomenon in which the molecules or substances accumulate at the surface rather than in a bulk of a solid or liquid. The substance that gets adsorbed is called adsorbate and the material on which it is adsorbed is called adsorbent. In adsorption, the adsorbate does not penetrate the adsorbent surface it concentrates only at the surface of the solid and liquid. example-when we dip a chalk stick into the ink solution, only its surface becomes coloured. If we break the chalk stick, it will be found to be white from inside.

Absorption- It is a bulk phenomenon, in this process, the substance uniformly distributed throughout the bulk of the solid or liquid.example-Water vapours are absorbed by anhydrous calcium chloride.

Question : 5.2 What is the difference between physisorption and chemisorption?

Answer :

Difference between physisorption and Chemisorption-

Physisorption Chemisorption
1. Happens due to van der Waal forces.
2. It's not specific in nature and reversible in nature.
3. It depends on the nature of the gas. More liquefiable gas is adsorbed easily.
4. enthalpy of adsorption is low around 20-40 kJ/mol
5. Low temperature required
6. It depends on the surface area. Higher the area high in the process rate.
7. Results in multimolecular layers on the adsorbent surface.
1. Caused by a chemical bond
2. highly specific in nature and irreversible.
3. depend on the nature of the gas. those gases can react with the adsorbent show chemisorption.
4. Enthalpy if adsorption is high around 80-240 kJ/mol
5. High temperature is required.
6. High activation energy is needed sometimes
7. result is unimolecular


Question 5.3 Give reason why a finely divided substance is more effective as an adsorbent.

Answer :

We know that adsorption is a surface phenomenon. The extent of adsorption depends on the surface area. So, Adsorption is directly proportional to the surface area of the adsorbent. More the surface area more is the amount of adsorbent adsorbed. So, therefore finely divided substance is more effective as an adsorbent due to its high surface area.

Question 5.4 What are the factors which influence the adsorption of a gas on a solid?

Answer :

The factors which influence the adsorption of a gas on a solid-

  • Surface area -the greater the surface area of the adsorbent higher is the amount of adsorbent to get absorbed.
  • temperature - Adsorption is an exothermic process. So, physical adsorption readily at a lower temperature and decrease with increase in temperature.
  • Pressure - On increasing pressure, the amount of adsorbate increased as the volume of gas decreased(Le-Chateliers principle)
  • Nature of gas - If the gas is easily liquefiable ( NH_{3},HCl ) then it gets easily adsorbed on the adsorbent solid or liquid. Because these gases have high van der Waals force so their extent of adsorption is high as compare to H_{2},O_{2} .

Question 5.5 What is an adsorption isotherm? Describe Freundlich adsorption isotherm.

Answer :

The adsorption isotherm is a relation curve between the variation in the amount of gas adsorbed by the adsorbent with pressure at a constant temperature.

q-5-surface-chemistry_pLg76uu

Freundlich adsorption isotherm- Freundlich gave an empirical relationship between the quantity of gas adsorbed by a unit mass of solid (adsorbent) and pressure (at a particular temperature).

  • At high pressure- \frac{x}{m}=k.p^{0} [independent of P ]
  • At intermediate pressure \frac{x}{m}=k.p^{\frac{1}{n}} for n>1 k and n are constant (depend on nature of gas) Here x = mass of gas adsorbed, and m = mass of adsorbent at pressure p

On taking log both sides-

\log\frac{x}{m}= \log(k)+\frac{1}{n}\log(p)

Screenshot%20-%202022-04-06T150546

Question 5.6 What do you understand by activation of adsorbent? How is it achieved?

Answer :

by activation of adsorbent, it means increasing the adsorbing power of adsorbent. We can do it by following ways-

  1. By increasing the surface area of the adsorbent by cutting adsorbent into small pieces or powdering it.
  2. Some treatment can be also done to the adsorbent so that its power gets increased. example- charcoal is activated by heating it between 650 K and 1330 K in vacuum or air

Question 5.7 What role does adsorption play in heterogeneous catalysis?

Answer :

Those catalytic process in which the reactant and catalyst are in a different phase is known as heterogeneous catalysis.

Role of adsorption in heterogeneous catalysis-

  • Diffusion of reactants to the surface of the catalyst.
  • Adsorption of reactant is on the surface of the catalyst.
  • The chemical reaction can occur at the catalyst surface by intermediate formation between them.
  • Desorption of the product of the reaction is also at the surface of the catalyst.

Question 5.8 Why is adsorption always exothermic ?

Answer :

Adsorption is always exothermic because-

  1. During adsorption, the residual forces of the surface always decrease. As a result, there is a decrease in surface energy, which emits as a heat.
  2. \Delta H Of adsorption is always negative. The freedom of movement of adsorbate (gas) molecule becomes restricted when the adsorbent adsorbs the adsorbate(gas). As a result, the entropy decreases ( \Delta S is negative). For the process to be spontaneous \Delta G should be negative. \Delta G=\Delta H-T\Delta S .Since \Delta S is negative, \Delta H has to be negative, so that \Delta G is negative. Hence adsorption is always exothermic.

Question 5.9 How are the colloidal solutions classified on the basis of physical states of the dispersed phase and dispersion medium?

Answer :

First criteria for classifying the colloids is the physical state of the dispersed phase and a dispersion medium. Depending upon whether the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium are solids, liquids or gases, there are eight types of colloidal systems -

Dispersed phase Dispersion medium Type of colloid Examples
solid solid solid sol some coloured gases and gemstones
solid liquid sol Paints, cell fluids
solid gas aerosol Smoke, dust
liquid solid gel Cheese, jellies
liquid liquid emulsion Milk, hair cream, butter
liquid gas aerosol fog, mist, cloud, insecticide sprays
gas solid solid sol pumice stone, foam rubber
gas liquid foam froth, whipped cream, soap lather


Question 5.10 Discuss the effect of pressure and temperature on the adsorption of gases on solids.

Answer :

Effect of temperature and pressure on the adsorption of gases on solids-

Temperature- According to Le-Chatelier’s principle the physical adsorption readily occurs at low temperature and adsorption rate is slow at high temperature.

Pressure- As we increase the pressure the amount of gas adsorbed on adsorbent is increased as the volume of gas decreases. Since it is an exothermic process, the physical adsorption occurs fast at low temperature and decrease with increase in pressure.

Question 5.11 What are lyophilic and lyophobic sols? Give one example of each type. Why are hydrophobic sols easily coagulated ?

Answer :

(i) Lyophilic sols- These sols are solvent loving. In these types of sols, the dispersed phase has an affinity towards the dispersion medium(liquid).example- starch, gum and protein . The affinity is due to the ability to form a hydrogen bond with the dispersion medium(water) These sols are reversible in nature.

(ii) Lyophobic sols- These are water-hating. In these types of sols, the dispersed phase has no affinity towards the dispersion medium or the solvent. example- metals, their sulphides etc. on simply mixing they do not form colloidal solution. Their colloidal sols can be prepared only by some special methods. sol particles have some positive or negative charges. Irreversible in nature.

Question 5.12 What is the difference between multimolecular and macromolecular colloids? Give one example of each. How are associated colloids different from these two types of colloids?

Answer :

Multimolecular colloids - On dissolution, a large number of atoms or smaller molecules aggregate together to form species of size 1-1000 nm of colloidal range. This species termed as multimolecular collides. Example- gold sol and sulphur sol.

Macro-molecular colloids- In suitable solvents, they form solutions in which the size of the macromolecules may or may not be in the colloidal range. Such systems are called macromolecular colloids. Examples- starch, protein and cellulose.

Associated colloids- those substances, which behaves like normal strong electrolyte at low concentration, but exhibits colloidal behaviour at high concentration due to the formation of aggregates. And these are known as associated colloids also called micelle.

Question 5.13 What are enzymes ? Write in brief the mechanism of enzyme catalysis.

Answer :

Enzymes are that substance which is produced by living plants and animals. These are the complex nitrogenous organic compound. Actually, it is a protein molecule of high molecular weight and forms colloidal solution on dissolving in water.

Brief mechanism of enzyme catalysis-

On the surface of enzymes, active centres are present of different shape and size and possess active groups like -NH_{2},-COOH,-SH,-OH etc. The substrate which has complementary shape, attach into these active sites just like a key fits into a lock. As a result, an active complex formed, later on, which becomes a product.

step 1. Binding of an enzyme to the substrate to form complex ( E+S\rightarrow ES^{*} )

step 2.To product formation, decomposition of the activated complex ( ES^{*}\rightarrow E+P )

15948148298091594814827568

Question 5.14(i) How are colloids classified on the basis of

(i) physical states of components.

Answer :

There are eight types of colloids whether the components are solids, liquids or gas. Here components mean dispersed phase and a dispersion medium.

Dispersed phase Dispersion medium Type of colloid
solid solid solid sol
solid liquid sol
solid gas aerosol
liquid solid gel
liquid liquid emulsion
liquid gas aerosol
gas solid solid sol
gas liquid foam

Question 5.14(ii) How are colloids classified on the basis of
(ii) Nature of dispersed phase.

Answer :

Depending upon the type of particles of the dispersed phase, colloids are categories into-

  1. Multimolecular colloids
  2. Macro-molecular colloids
  3. Associated colloids

Question : 5.14(iii) How are colloids classified on the basis of
(i) interaction between dispersed phase and dispersion phase?

Answer :

On the basis of the nature of the interaction between the dispersed phase and dispersion medium the colloids are divided into two categories;

(i)lyophilic sols(water-loving) and

(ii)lyophobic sols (water repelling)

Question 5.15(i) Explain what is observed
(i) when a beam of light is passed through a colloidal sol.

Answer :

(i) when a beam of light is passed the scattering of light is observed, which is known as Tyndall effect. The colloidal particles size, which is in the range of wavelength of light scatters them in all directions.

Question 5.15(ii) Explain what is observed

(Ii) an electrolyte, NaCl is added to hydrated ferric oxide sol.

Answer :

The sol gets precipitated because of the neutralisation reaction. The ferric oxide sol is positive in nature and we get chloride ion from NaCl.

Question 5.15 (iii) Explain what is observed

(iii) electric current is passed through a colloidal sol?

Answer :

Under the influence of electric current, the colloidal particles start moving towards the oppositely charged electrode

Question 5.16 What are emulsions? What are their different types? Give example of each type.

Answer :

The colloidal solution in which both the dispersed phase and dispersion medium are liquid in nature are called emulsions.

There are two types of emulsions-

(i) oil in water (O/W) -Oil is dispersed phase and water is dispersion medium (milk)

(ii) water in oil (W/O) - Water is the dispersed phase and oil is dispersion medium (cold cream, butter etc.)

Question 5.17 How do emulsifiers stabilise emulsion? Name two emulsifiers.

Answer :

The emulsifying agents are also known as emulsifiers. For stabilisation of emulsion, they form an interfacial film between suspended particles and medium.

Example- for O/W gums, natural and synthetic soaps for W/O heavy salts of fatty acids, long chain alcohols

Question 5.18 Action of soap is due to emulsification and micelle formation. Comment.

Answer :

The cleansing action of soap is because of emulsification and micelle formation. Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long chain fatty acids, represented as RCOO^{-}Na^{+} (e.g. sodium stearate CH_{3}(CH_{2})_{16}COO^{-}Na^{+} ). when dissolved into the water it dissociates into RCOO^{-} and Na^{+} ions. (RCOO^{-}Na^{+}\rightleftharpoons RCOO^{-}+Na^{+}) . The long carbon chains are non-polar in nature (hydrophobic) and COO^{-} are polar in nature (hydrophilic part).

When the soap is added to dirt containing water. The soap molecules surround the dirt particle where the hydrophobic part is attached to dirt and the hydrophilic part is pointing away from the dirt. This is called micelle formation. Therefore we can say that the non-polar part dissolved in dirt particle and the polar group dissolved in water. Now, as these micelles are negatively charged, they do not coalesce and a stable emulsion is formed.

15948148530001594814851236

Question 5.19 Give four examples of heterogeneous catalysis.

Answer :

Four examples of heterogeneous catalysis-

1. oxidation of sulphur dioxide into sulphur trioxide in the presence of Pt.

2SO_{2}(g)\overset{Pt(s)}{\rightarrow}2SO_{3}(g)

2. the combination between dinitrogen and dihydrogen to form ammonia

N_{2}(g)+3H_{2}(g)\overset{Fe(s)}{\rightarrow}2NH_{3}(g)

3. Hydrogenation of vegetable oils in the presence of Ni as a catalyst

Veg. Oil(l)+H_{2}(g)\overset{Ni(s)}{\rightarrow}veg Ghee(s)

4. Ostwald Process - oxidation of ammonia into nitric acid in the presence of Pt

4NH_{3}(g)+5O_{2}(g)\overset{Pt(s)}{\rightarrow}4NO_{2}(g)+6H_{2}O

Question 5.20 What do you mean by activity and selectivity of catalysts?

Answer :

(i)The activity of the catalyst is to increase the rate of a particular reaction. It depends on the strength of chemisorption to a large extent. Adsorption of reactants should be neither too high nor too weak. It should just be optimum so that the catalyst is staying active.

(ii)The selectivity of catalyst is the ability to direct the reaction to give a particular product when under the same reaction condition the products are possible also.

Example- Reaction between CO and H_{2}

\\(1)CO(g)+3H_{2}(g)\overset{Ni}{\rightarrow}CH_{4}(g)H_{2}O(g)\\ (2)CO(g)+2H_{2}(g)\overset{Cu/ZnO-Cr_{2}O_{3}}{\rightarrow}CH_{3}OH(g)\\ (3)CO(g)+H_{2}(g)\overset{Cu}{\rightarrow}HCHO(g)

Question 5.21 Describe some features of catalysis by zeolites.

Answer :

Zeolites are good shape selective catalyst due to their honeycomb-like structures. They are alumino-silicates that are microporous in structures. They are the 3D network of silicates in which some atoms of silicon are replaced by aluminium giving Al-O-Si framework. Size and shape of reactant and product molecules, as well as pores and cavities of zeolites, are the reaction determining factors in zeolites.

Question 5.22 What is shape selective catalysis?

Answer :

Shape-selective catalysis, in which the reaction mainly depends on the size of the reactants and product molecules and also the pore structure of the catalyst.

Ex. zeolites are good shape selective catalyst.

Question 5.23(i) Explain the following terms:

(i) Electrophoresis

Answer :

Electrophoresis-

The movement of colloidal particles under the influence of electric current is known as electrophoresis. The negatively charged particles move towards the cathode and positive charge particles move towards the anode.

Question 5.23(ii) Explain the following terms:

(ii) Coagulation

Answer :

Coagulation- The settling down of the lyophobic sol due to the presence of charge on colloidal particles

Question 5.23(iii) Explain the following terms:

(iii) Dialysis

Answer :

Dialysis- The process of removing a dissolved substance from the colloidal solution by means of diffusion through a suitable membrane. The principle behind this is small molecules and ions can pass through the animal membrane.

Question 5.23(iv) Explain the following terms:

(iv) Tyndall effect

Answer :

Tyndall effect - When a beam of light is passed through the colloidal solution the colloidal particles scatter the light and make the beam visible in colloidal solution. This effect is observed by Faraday and later on detail in studied by Tyndall and is known as the Tyndall effect.

Question 5.24 Give four uses of emulsions.

Answer :

Four use of emulsions-

  1. The cleansing action of soap
  2. to make medicins by emulsification process
  3. Digestion of fats in the intestine
  4. Antiseptic and disinfectant when adding to water form emulsion.

Question 5.25 What are micelles? Give an example of a micelles system.

Answer :

When the long chain of fatty acids like soap and detergent is added to water the hydrophobic part of their chain is aligned towards the centre in such a manner that they form a spherical shape and their hydrophilic part is facing towards outside. This spherical like structure is known as a micelle. Screenshot%20-%202022-04-06T145557

15948148814231594814879710


Question 5.26(i) Explain the terms with suitable examples:

(i) Alcosol

Answer :

Alcosol- A solution in which the dispersion medium is alcohol and the dispersed phase is a solid substance. examples- colloidal sol of cellulose nitrate in ethyl alcohol is an alcosol.

Question 5.26(ii) Explain the terms with suitable examples:

(ii) Aerosol

Answer :

Aerosol- A colloidal solution of the dispersion medium is a gas and the dispersed phase is a soil substance. example- fog.

Question 5.26(iii) Explain the terms with suitable examples:

(iii) Hydrosol

Answer :

Hydrosol- In THis type of colloidal solution the water is dispersion medium and a solid substance is a dispersed phase. example- starch sol and gold sol.

Question 5.27 Comment on the statement that “colloid is not a substance but a state of substance”.

Answer :

Common salt is behaving as a colloidal particle in benzene as a dispersion medium. It means the solute particles attain a size of the colloidal range of (1-1000 nm). So, we can say that the colloid is not a substance but a state of substance which depends on the particles size.


Topics of NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 5 Surface Chemistry-

5.1 Adsorption

5.2 Catalysis

5.3 Colloids

5.4 Classification of Colloids

5.5 Emulsions

5.6 Colloids Around Us

NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry


NCERT solutions for class 12 subject wise

Benefits of NCERT solutions for class 12 chemistry chapter 5 Surface Chemistry

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Frequently Asked Question (FAQs)

1. Where can I find complete solutions for NCERT class 12 Chemistry?

For complete solutions : https://school.careers360.com/ncert/ncert-solutions-class-12-chemistry. Links to each chapters of Chemistry Class 12 NCERT textbook is available. Click on the respective link to read NCERT solutions to exercise and in text questions. The NCERT syllabus is useful to crack exams like NEET and CBSE boaed exam.

2. What are the important topics of this chapter?
  • Basics of Adsorption and its types 

  • Surface Phenomenon

  • Difference between Adsorption and Absorption

  • Chemisorption and Physisorption

  • Adsorption Isotherm - Freundlich isotherm

  • Catalysis

  • Colloids

  • Emulsions

3. What is the weightage of NCERT class 12 Chemistry chapter 5 in CBSE board exam ?

4 marks questions on an average appears from Surface Chemistry Class 12 NCERT Chapter for CBSE Board exam. Other than NCERT book students can solve NCERT exemplar questions also for preparing the exam.

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hello,

Yes you can appear for the compartment paper again since CBSE gives three chances to a candidate to clear his/her exams so you still have two more attempts. However, you can appear for your improvement paper for all subjects but you cannot appear for the ones in which you have failed.

I hope this was helpful!

Good Luck

Hello dear,

If you was not able to clear 1st compartment and now you giving second compartment so YES, you can go for your improvement exam next year but if a student receives an improvement, they are given the opportunity to retake the boards as a private candidate the following year, but there are some requirements. First, the student must pass all of their subjects; if they received a compartment in any subject, they must then pass the compartment exam before being eligible for the improvement.


As you can registered yourself as private candidate for giving your improvement exam of 12 standard CBSE(Central Board of Secondary Education).For that you have to wait for a whole year which is bit difficult for you.


Positive side of waiting for whole year is you have a whole year to preparing yourself for your examination. You have no distraction or something which may causes your failure in the exams. In whole year you have to stay focused on your 12 standard examination for doing well in it. By this you get a highest marks as a comparison of others.


Believe in Yourself! You can make anything happen


All the very best.

Hello Student,

I appreciate your Interest in education. See the improvement is not restricted to one subject or multiple subjects  and  we cannot say if improvement in one subject in one year leads to improvement in more subjects in coming year.

You just need to have a revision of all subjects what you have completed in the school. have a revision and practice of subjects and concepts helps you better.

All the best.

If you'll do hard work then by hard work of 6 months you can achieve your goal but you have to start studying for it dont waste your time its a very important year so please dont waste it otherwise you'll regret.

Yes, you can take admission in class 12th privately there are many colleges in which you can give 12th privately.

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A block of mass 0.50 kg is moving with a speed of 2.00 ms-1 on a smooth surface. It strikes another mass of 1.00 kg and then they move together as a single body. The energy loss during the collision is

Option 1)

0.34\; J

Option 2)

0.16\; J

Option 3)

1.00\; J

Option 4)

0.67\; J

A person trying to lose weight by burning fat lifts a mass of 10 kg upto a height of 1 m 1000 times.  Assume that the potential energy lost each time he lowers the mass is dissipated.  How much fat will he use up considering the work done only when the weight is lifted up ?  Fat supplies 3.8×107 J of energy per kg which is converted to mechanical energy with a 20% efficiency rate.  Take g = 9.8 ms−2 :

Option 1)

2.45×10−3 kg

Option 2)

 6.45×10−3 kg

Option 3)

 9.89×10−3 kg

Option 4)

12.89×10−3 kg

 

An athlete in the olympic games covers a distance of 100 m in 10 s. His kinetic energy can be estimated to be in the range

Option 1)

2,000 \; J - 5,000\; J

Option 2)

200 \, \, J - 500 \, \, J

Option 3)

2\times 10^{5}J-3\times 10^{5}J

Option 4)

20,000 \, \, J - 50,000 \, \, J

A particle is projected at 600   to the horizontal with a kinetic energy K. The kinetic energy at the highest point

Option 1)

K/2\,

Option 2)

\; K\;

Option 3)

zero\;

Option 4)

K/4

In the reaction,

2Al_{(s)}+6HCL_{(aq)}\rightarrow 2Al^{3+}\, _{(aq)}+6Cl^{-}\, _{(aq)}+3H_{2(g)}

Option 1)

11.2\, L\, H_{2(g)}  at STP  is produced for every mole HCL_{(aq)}  consumed

Option 2)

6L\, HCl_{(aq)}  is consumed for ever 3L\, H_{2(g)}      produced

Option 3)

33.6 L\, H_{2(g)} is produced regardless of temperature and pressure for every mole Al that reacts

Option 4)

67.2\, L\, H_{2(g)} at STP is produced for every mole Al that reacts .

How many moles of magnesium phosphate, Mg_{3}(PO_{4})_{2} will contain 0.25 mole of oxygen atoms?

Option 1)

0.02

Option 2)

3.125 × 10-2

Option 3)

1.25 × 10-2

Option 4)

2.5 × 10-2

If we consider that 1/6, in place of 1/12, mass of carbon atom is taken to be the relative atomic mass unit, the mass of one mole of a substance will

Option 1)

decrease twice

Option 2)

increase two fold

Option 3)

remain unchanged

Option 4)

be a function of the molecular mass of the substance.

With increase of temperature, which of these changes?

Option 1)

Molality

Option 2)

Weight fraction of solute

Option 3)

Fraction of solute present in water

Option 4)

Mole fraction.

Number of atoms in 558.5 gram Fe (at. wt.of Fe = 55.85 g mol-1) is

Option 1)

twice that in 60 g carbon

Option 2)

6.023 × 1022

Option 3)

half that in 8 g He

Option 4)

558.5 × 6.023 × 1023

A pulley of radius 2 m is rotated about its axis by a force F = (20t - 5t2) newton (where t is measured in seconds) applied tangentially. If the moment of inertia of the pulley about its axis of rotation is 10 kg m2 , the number of rotations made by the pulley before its direction of motion if reversed, is

Option 1)

less than 3

Option 2)

more than 3 but less than 6

Option 3)

more than 6 but less than 9

Option 4)

more than 9

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4 Jobs Available
Ethical Hacker

A career as ethical hacker involves various challenges and provides lucrative opportunities in the digital era where every giant business and startup owns its cyberspace on the world wide web. Individuals in the ethical hacker career path try to find the vulnerabilities in the cyber system to get its authority. If he or she succeeds in it then he or she gets its illegal authority. Individuals in the ethical hacker career path then steal information or delete the file that could affect the business, functioning, or services of the organization.

3 Jobs Available
Data Analyst

The invention of the database has given fresh breath to the people involved in the data analytics career path. Analysis refers to splitting up a whole into its individual components for individual analysis. Data analysis is a method through which raw data are processed and transformed into information that would be beneficial for user strategic thinking.

Data are collected and examined to respond to questions, evaluate hypotheses or contradict theories. It is a tool for analyzing, transforming, modeling, and arranging data with useful knowledge, to assist in decision-making and methods, encompassing various strategies, and is used in different fields of business, research, and social science.

3 Jobs Available
Geothermal Engineer

Individuals who opt for a career as geothermal engineers are the professionals involved in the processing of geothermal energy. The responsibilities of geothermal engineers may vary depending on the workplace location. Those who work in fields design facilities to process and distribute geothermal energy. They oversee the functioning of machinery used in the field.

3 Jobs Available
Remote Sensing Technician

Individuals who opt for a career as a remote sensing technician possess unique personalities. Remote sensing analysts seem to be rational human beings, they are strong, independent, persistent, sincere, realistic and resourceful. Some of them are analytical as well, which means they are intelligent, introspective and inquisitive. 

Remote sensing scientists use remote sensing technology to support scientists in fields such as community planning, flight planning or the management of natural resources. Analysing data collected from aircraft, satellites or ground-based platforms using statistical analysis software, image analysis software or Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a significant part of their work. Do you want to learn how to become remote sensing technician? There's no need to be concerned; we've devised a simple remote sensing technician career path for you. Scroll through the pages and read.

3 Jobs Available
Geotechnical engineer

The role of geotechnical engineer starts with reviewing the projects needed to define the required material properties. The work responsibilities are followed by a site investigation of rock, soil, fault distribution and bedrock properties on and below an area of interest. The investigation is aimed to improve the ground engineering design and determine their engineering properties that include how they will interact with, on or in a proposed construction. 

The role of geotechnical engineer in mining includes designing and determining the type of foundations, earthworks, and or pavement subgrades required for the intended man-made structures to be made. Geotechnical engineering jobs are involved in earthen and concrete dam construction projects, working under a range of normal and extreme loading conditions. 

3 Jobs Available
Cartographer

How fascinating it is to represent the whole world on just a piece of paper or a sphere. With the help of maps, we are able to represent the real world on a much smaller scale. Individuals who opt for a career as a cartographer are those who make maps. But, cartography is not just limited to maps, it is about a mixture of art, science, and technology. As a cartographer, not only you will create maps but use various geodetic surveys and remote sensing systems to measure, analyse, and create different maps for political, cultural or educational purposes.

3 Jobs Available
Budget Analyst

Budget analysis, in a nutshell, entails thoroughly analyzing the details of a financial budget. The budget analysis aims to better understand and manage revenue. Budget analysts assist in the achievement of financial targets, the preservation of profitability, and the pursuit of long-term growth for a business. Budget analysts generally have a bachelor's degree in accounting, finance, economics, or a closely related field. Knowledge of Financial Management is of prime importance in this career.

4 Jobs Available
Data Analyst

The invention of the database has given fresh breath to the people involved in the data analytics career path. Analysis refers to splitting up a whole into its individual components for individual analysis. Data analysis is a method through which raw data are processed and transformed into information that would be beneficial for user strategic thinking.

Data are collected and examined to respond to questions, evaluate hypotheses or contradict theories. It is a tool for analyzing, transforming, modeling, and arranging data with useful knowledge, to assist in decision-making and methods, encompassing various strategies, and is used in different fields of business, research, and social science.

3 Jobs Available
Product Manager

A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

3 Jobs Available
Investment Banker

An Investment Banking career involves the invention and generation of capital for other organizations, governments, and other entities. Individuals who opt for a career as Investment Bankers are the head of a team dedicated to raising capital by issuing bonds. Investment bankers are termed as the experts who have their fingers on the pulse of the current financial and investing climate. Students can pursue various Investment Banker courses, such as Banking and Insurance, and Economics to opt for an Investment Banking career path.

3 Jobs Available
Underwriter

An underwriter is a person who assesses and evaluates the risk of insurance in his or her field like mortgage, loan, health policy, investment, and so on and so forth. The underwriter career path does involve risks as analysing the risks means finding out if there is a way for the insurance underwriter jobs to recover the money from its clients. If the risk turns out to be too much for the company then in the future it is an underwriter who will be held accountable for it. Therefore, one must carry out his or her job with a lot of attention and diligence.

3 Jobs Available
Finance Executive
3 Jobs Available
Operations Manager

Individuals in the operations manager jobs are responsible for ensuring the efficiency of each department to acquire its optimal goal. They plan the use of resources and distribution of materials. The operations manager's job description includes managing budgets, negotiating contracts, and performing administrative tasks.

3 Jobs Available
Welding Engineer

Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues. 

5 Jobs Available
Transportation Planner

A career as Transportation Planner requires technical application of science and technology in engineering, particularly the concepts, equipment and technologies involved in the production of products and services. In fields like land use, infrastructure review, ecological standards and street design, he or she considers issues of health, environment and performance. A Transportation Planner assigns resources for implementing and designing programmes. He or she is responsible for assessing needs, preparing plans and forecasts and compliance with regulations.

3 Jobs Available
Plumber

An expert in plumbing is aware of building regulations and safety standards and works to make sure these standards are upheld. Testing pipes for leakage using air pressure and other gauges, and also the ability to construct new pipe systems by cutting, fitting, measuring and threading pipes are some of the other more involved aspects of plumbing. Individuals in the plumber career path are self-employed or work for a small business employing less than ten people, though some might find working for larger entities or the government more desirable.

2 Jobs Available
Construction Manager

Individuals who opt for a career as construction managers have a senior-level management role offered in construction firms. Responsibilities in the construction management career path are assigning tasks to workers, inspecting their work, and coordinating with other professionals including architects, subcontractors, and building services engineers.

2 Jobs Available
Urban Planner

Urban Planning careers revolve around the idea of developing a plan to use the land optimally, without affecting the environment. Urban planning jobs are offered to those candidates who are skilled in making the right use of land to distribute the growing population, to create various communities. 

Urban planning careers come with the opportunity to make changes to the existing cities and towns. They identify various community needs and make short and long-term plans accordingly.

2 Jobs Available
Highway Engineer

Highway Engineer Job Description: A Highway Engineer is a civil engineer who specialises in planning and building thousands of miles of roads that support connectivity and allow transportation across the country. He or she ensures that traffic management schemes are effectively planned concerning economic sustainability and successful implementation.

2 Jobs Available
Environmental Engineer

Individuals who opt for a career as an environmental engineer are construction professionals who utilise the skills and knowledge of biology, soil science, chemistry and the concept of engineering to design and develop projects that serve as solutions to various environmental problems. 

2 Jobs Available
Naval Architect

A Naval Architect is a professional who designs, produces and repairs safe and sea-worthy surfaces or underwater structures. A Naval Architect stays involved in creating and designing ships, ferries, submarines and yachts with implementation of various principles such as gravity, ideal hull form, buoyancy and stability. 

2 Jobs Available
Orthotist and Prosthetist

Orthotists and Prosthetists are professionals who provide aid to patients with disabilities. They fix them to artificial limbs (prosthetics) and help them to regain stability. There are times when people lose their limbs in an accident. In some other occasions, they are born without a limb or orthopaedic impairment. Orthotists and prosthetists play a crucial role in their lives with fixing them to assistive devices and provide mobility.

6 Jobs Available
Veterinary Doctor
5 Jobs Available
Pathologist

A career in pathology in India is filled with several responsibilities as it is a medical branch and affects human lives. The demand for pathologists has been increasing over the past few years as people are getting more aware of different diseases. Not only that, but an increase in population and lifestyle changes have also contributed to the increase in a pathologist’s demand. The pathology careers provide an extremely huge number of opportunities and if you want to be a part of the medical field you can consider being a pathologist. If you want to know more about a career in pathology in India then continue reading this article.

5 Jobs Available
Speech Therapist
4 Jobs Available
Gynaecologist

Gynaecology can be defined as the study of the female body. The job outlook for gynaecology is excellent since there is evergreen demand for one because of their responsibility of dealing with not only women’s health but also fertility and pregnancy issues. Although most women prefer to have a women obstetrician gynaecologist as their doctor, men also explore a career as a gynaecologist and there are ample amounts of male doctors in the field who are gynaecologists and aid women during delivery and childbirth. 

4 Jobs Available
Oncologist

An oncologist is a specialised doctor responsible for providing medical care to patients diagnosed with cancer. He or she uses several therapies to control the cancer and its effect on the human body such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and biopsy. An oncologist designs a treatment plan based on a pathology report after diagnosing the type of cancer and where it is spreading inside the body.

3 Jobs Available
Audiologist

The audiologist career involves audiology professionals who are responsible to treat hearing loss and proactively preventing the relevant damage. Individuals who opt for a career as an audiologist use various testing strategies with the aim to determine if someone has a normal sensitivity to sounds or not. After the identification of hearing loss, a hearing doctor is required to determine which sections of the hearing are affected, to what extent they are affected, and where the wound causing the hearing loss is found. As soon as the hearing loss is identified, the patients are provided with recommendations for interventions and rehabilitation such as hearing aids, cochlear implants, and appropriate medical referrals. While audiology is a branch of science that studies and researches hearing, balance, and related disorders.

3 Jobs Available
Hospital Administrator

The hospital Administrator is in charge of organising and supervising the daily operations of medical services and facilities. This organising includes managing of organisation’s staff and its members in service, budgets, service reports, departmental reporting and taking reminders of patient care and services.

2 Jobs Available
Actor

For an individual who opts for a career as an actor, the primary responsibility is to completely speak to the character he or she is playing and to persuade the crowd that the character is genuine by connecting with them and bringing them into the story. This applies to significant roles and littler parts, as all roles join to make an effective creation. Here in this article, we will discuss how to become an actor in India, actor exams, actor salary in India, and actor jobs. 

4 Jobs Available
Acrobat

Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats create and direct original routines for themselves, in addition to developing interpretations of existing routines. The work of circus acrobats can be seen in a variety of performance settings, including circus, reality shows, sports events like the Olympics, movies and commercials. Individuals who opt for a career as acrobats must be prepared to face rejections and intermittent periods of work. The creativity of acrobats may extend to other aspects of the performance. For example, acrobats in the circus may work with gym trainers, celebrities or collaborate with other professionals to enhance such performance elements as costume and or maybe at the teaching end of the career.

3 Jobs Available
Video Game Designer

Career as a video game designer is filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. A video game designer is someone who is involved in the process of creating a game from day one. He or she is responsible for fulfilling duties like designing the character of the game, the several levels involved, plot, art and similar other elements. Individuals who opt for a career as a video game designer may also write the codes for the game using different programming languages.

Depending on the video game designer job description and experience they may also have to lead a team and do the early testing of the game in order to suggest changes and find loopholes.

3 Jobs Available
Radio Jockey

Radio Jockey is an exciting, promising career and a great challenge for music lovers. If you are really interested in a career as radio jockey, then it is very important for an RJ to have an automatic, fun, and friendly personality. If you want to get a job done in this field, a strong command of the language and a good voice are always good things. Apart from this, in order to be a good radio jockey, you will also listen to good radio jockeys so that you can understand their style and later make your own by practicing.

A career as radio jockey has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. If you want to know more about a career as radio jockey, and how to become a radio jockey then continue reading the article.

3 Jobs Available
Choreographer

The word “choreography" actually comes from Greek words that mean “dance writing." Individuals who opt for a career as a choreographer create and direct original dances, in addition to developing interpretations of existing dances. A Choreographer dances and utilises his or her creativity in other aspects of dance performance. For example, he or she may work with the music director to select music or collaborate with other famous choreographers to enhance such performance elements as lighting, costume and set design.

2 Jobs Available
Videographer
2 Jobs Available
Multimedia Specialist

A multimedia specialist is a media professional who creates, audio, videos, graphic image files, computer animations for multimedia applications. He or she is responsible for planning, producing, and maintaining websites and applications. 

2 Jobs Available
Social Media Manager

A career as social media manager involves implementing the company’s or brand’s marketing plan across all social media channels. Social media managers help in building or improving a brand’s or a company’s website traffic, build brand awareness, create and implement marketing and brand strategy. Social media managers are key to important social communication as well.

2 Jobs Available
Copy Writer

In a career as a copywriter, one has to consult with the client and understand the brief well. A career as a copywriter has a lot to offer to deserving candidates. Several new mediums of advertising are opening therefore making it a lucrative career choice. Students can pursue various copywriter courses such as Journalism, Advertising, Marketing Management. Here, we have discussed how to become a freelance copywriter, copywriter career path, how to become a copywriter in India, and copywriting career outlook. 

5 Jobs Available
Journalist

Careers in journalism are filled with excitement as well as responsibilities. One cannot afford to miss out on the details. As it is the small details that provide insights into a story. Depending on those insights a journalist goes about writing a news article. A journalism career can be stressful at times but if you are someone who is passionate about it then it is the right choice for you. If you want to know more about the media field and journalist career then continue reading this article.

3 Jobs Available
Publisher

For publishing books, newspapers, magazines and digital material, editorial and commercial strategies are set by publishers. Individuals in publishing career paths make choices about the markets their businesses will reach and the type of content that their audience will be served. Individuals in book publisher careers collaborate with editorial staff, designers, authors, and freelance contributors who develop and manage the creation of content.

3 Jobs Available
Vlogger

In a career as a vlogger, one generally works for himself or herself. However, once an individual has gained viewership there are several brands and companies that approach them for paid collaboration. It is one of those fields where an individual can earn well while following his or her passion. 

Ever since internet costs got reduced the viewership for these types of content has increased on a large scale. Therefore, a career as a vlogger has a lot to offer. If you want to know more about the Vlogger eligibility, roles and responsibilities then continue reading the article. 

3 Jobs Available
Editor

Individuals in the editor career path is an unsung hero of the news industry who polishes the language of the news stories provided by stringers, reporters, copywriters and content writers and also news agencies. Individuals who opt for a career as an editor make it more persuasive, concise and clear for readers. In this article, we will discuss the details of the editor's career path such as how to become an editor in India, editor salary in India and editor skills and qualities.

3 Jobs Available
Linguist

Linguistic meaning is related to language or Linguistics which is the study of languages. A career as a linguistic meaning, a profession that is based on the scientific study of language, and it's a very broad field with many specialities. Famous linguists work in academia, researching and teaching different areas of language, such as phonetics (sounds), syntax (word order) and semantics (meaning). 

Other researchers focus on specialities like computational linguistics, which seeks to better match human and computer language capacities, or applied linguistics, which is concerned with improving language education. Still, others work as language experts for the government, advertising companies, dictionary publishers and various other private enterprises. Some might work from home as freelance linguists. Philologist, phonologist, and dialectician are some of Linguist synonym. Linguists can study French, German, Italian

2 Jobs Available
Public Relation Executive
2 Jobs Available
Travel Journalist

The career of a travel journalist is full of passion, excitement and responsibility. Journalism as a career could be challenging at times, but if you're someone who has been genuinely enthusiastic about all this, then it is the best decision for you. Travel journalism jobs are all about insightful, artfully written, informative narratives designed to cover the travel industry. Travel Journalist is someone who explores, gathers and presents information as a news article.

2 Jobs Available
Welding Engineer

Welding Engineer Job Description: A Welding Engineer work involves managing welding projects and supervising welding teams. He or she is responsible for reviewing welding procedures, processes and documentation. A career as Welding Engineer involves conducting failure analyses and causes on welding issues. 

5 Jobs Available
QA Manager
4 Jobs Available
Quality Controller

A quality controller plays a crucial role in an organisation. He or she is responsible for performing quality checks on manufactured products. He or she identifies the defects in a product and rejects the product. 

A quality controller records detailed information about products with defects and sends it to the supervisor or plant manager to take necessary actions to improve the production process.

3 Jobs Available
Product Manager

A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

3 Jobs Available
Production Manager
3 Jobs Available
Merchandiser
2 Jobs Available
QA Lead

A QA Lead is in charge of the QA Team. The role of QA Lead comes with the responsibility of assessing services and products in order to determine that he or she meets the quality standards. He or she develops, implements and manages test plans. 

2 Jobs Available
Metallurgical Engineer

A metallurgical engineer is a professional who studies and produces materials that bring power to our world. He or she extracts metals from ores and rocks and transforms them into alloys, high-purity metals and other materials used in developing infrastructure, transportation and healthcare equipment. 

2 Jobs Available
Azure Administrator

An Azure Administrator is a professional responsible for implementing, monitoring, and maintaining Azure Solutions. He or she manages cloud infrastructure service instances and various cloud servers as well as sets up public and private cloud systems. 

4 Jobs Available
AWS Solution Architect

An AWS Solution Architect is someone who specializes in developing and implementing cloud computing systems. He or she has a good understanding of the various aspects of cloud computing and can confidently deploy and manage their systems. He or she troubleshoots the issues and evaluates the risk from the third party. 

4 Jobs Available
QA Manager
4 Jobs Available
Computer Programmer

Careers in computer programming primarily refer to the systematic act of writing code and moreover include wider computer science areas. The word 'programmer' or 'coder' has entered into practice with the growing number of newly self-taught tech enthusiasts. Computer programming careers involve the use of designs created by software developers and engineers and transforming them into commands that can be implemented by computers. These commands result in regular usage of social media sites, word-processing applications and browsers.

3 Jobs Available
ITSM Manager
3 Jobs Available
Product Manager

A Product Manager is a professional responsible for product planning and marketing. He or she manages the product throughout the Product Life Cycle, gathering and prioritising the product. A product manager job description includes defining the product vision and working closely with team members of other departments to deliver winning products.  

3 Jobs Available
Information Security Manager

Individuals in the information security manager career path involves in overseeing and controlling all aspects of computer security. The IT security manager job description includes planning and carrying out security measures to protect the business data and information from corruption, theft, unauthorised access, and deliberate attack 

3 Jobs Available
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