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A doctor after conducting certain tests on a pregnant woman advised her to undergo M.T.P., as the foetus she was carrying showed trisomy of 21st chromosome.
(a) State the cause of trisomy of the 21st chromosome.
(b) Why was the pregnant woman advised to undergo M.T.P., as the foetus she was carrying showed trisomy of 21st chromosome.
Answers (1)
a) Failure of segregation of chromatids during cell division cycle results in the gain or loss of a chromosome(s), called aneuploidy.
For example, Down’s syndrome results in the gain of extra copy of chromosome 21.
b) Down Syndrome could be caused due to presence of an additional copy of the chromosome number 21 (trisomy of 21). The affected individual is short statured with small round head, furrowed tongue and partially open mouth . Palm is broad with characteristic palm crease. Physical, psychomotor and mental development is retarded. So, the pregnant women is advised to undergo MTP and not to complete the full term of her pregnancy.
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