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Describe the roles of (a) high temperature, (b) primers, and (c) bacterium Thermus aquaticus in carrying the process of polymerase chain reaction.

 

 

 

 
 
 
 
 

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a) High temperature- Heating breaks the hydrogen bonds of dsDNA to make ssDNA. The DNA molecule with more G-C requires higher temperatures. Thus higher temperature is required to separate the two strands of DNA.


b) Primers- Two sets of primers i.e. forward and reverse primers are used. Primers are small chemically synthesized oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA. They anneal to the desired DNA strand and start the synthesis.


c) Thermus aquaticus- Repeated amplification is achieved by the use of a thermostable DNA polymerase (isolated from a bacterium, Thermus aquaticus), which remain active during the high temperature-induced denaturation of double-stranded DNA.

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Priyanka Kumari

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