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Explain the role of histones in forming a nucleosome.

 

 

 

 
 
 
 
 

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In eukaryotes, the organization is much more complex. There is a set of positively charged, basic proteins called histones. Histones are rich in the basic amino acid residues lysines and arginines. Both the amino acid residues carry positive charges in their side chains.

Histones are organized to form a unit of eight molecules called histone octamer. The negatively charged DNA is wrapped around the positively charged histone octamer to form a structure called a nucleosome. A typical nucleosome contains 200 bp of DNA helix. Nucleosomes constitute the repeating unit of a structure in the nucleus called chromatin, thread-like stained (coloured) bodies seen in nucleus. The nucleosomes in chromatin are seen as ‘beads-on-string’ structures when viewed under the electron microscope (EM).

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Priyanka Kumari

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