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Name the technique and the property of plant cells that can help to grow somaclones of certain desired variety of apple. Explain how somaclones of apple can be obtained in the lab so as to get the desired variety on a large scale.
Answers (1)
Tissue culture is the technique by which the whole plants can be regenerated from explants, i.e., any part of a plant taken out and grown in a test tube, under sterile conditions in special nutrient media. This capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell/explant is called totipotency.
To grow some clones of apple in a lab to get a desirable variety on a large scale-
1. From the apple, any part was taken out and grown in a test tube, under sterile conditions.
2. The explant is transferred into a special nutrient media. The nutrient media provides all nutrients like a carbon source such as sucrose and also inorganic salts, vitamins, amino acids and growth regulators like auxins, cytokinins, etc.
3. Regularly the replacement of medium is required without contamination.
4. The method of producing thousands of plants through tissue culture is called Micro-propagation.
5. Each of these plants will be genetically identical to the original plant from which they were grown, i.e., they are the somaclones of apple.
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