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State what is apomixis. Write its significance. How can it be commercially used ?
Answers (1)
A few flowering plants such as some species of Asteraceae and grasses have evolved a special mechanism, to produce seeds without fertilization, called apomixis. An apomixis is a form of asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction. Hybrid varieties of several of our food and vegetable crops are being extensively cultivated.
The cultivation of hybrids has tremendously increased productivity. One of the problems of hybrids is that hybrid seeds have to be produced every year. If the seeds collected from hybrids are sown, the plants in the progeny will segregate and do not maintain hybrid characters. Production of hybrid seeds is costly and hence the cost of hybrid seeds becomes too expensive for the farmers.
If these hybrids are made into apomicts, there is no segregation of characters in the hybrid progeny. Then the farmers can keep on using the hybrid seeds to raise new crops year after year and he does not have to buy hybrid seeds every year.
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