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11.13.    Rationalise the given statements and give chemical reactions :

       (a)  Lead (II) chloride reacts with  Cl_{2} to give PbCl_{4}.

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Pb is belong to the group 14th and it has two oxidation states +2 and +4. On moving down the group, the stability of the +2 oxidation state is more than the +4 oxidation state, it is due to the inert pair effect. This PbCl_{4} is less stable than PbCl_{2}. However, the formation of PbCl_{4} takes places when the chlorine gas is bubbled by a saturated solution of PbCl_{2}.

PbCl_{2}+Cl_{2}\rightarrow PbCl_4

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