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  • The dead element present in the phloem is (a) companion cells (b) phloem fibres (c) phloem parenchyma (d) sieve tubes

The dead element present in the phloem is
(a) companion cells
(b) phloem fibres
(c) phloem parenchyma
(d) sieve tubes

Answers (1)

Phloem is a complex tissue that plays a crucial role in the transport of food, primarily in the form of sugars produced during photosynthesis, from the leaves to other parts of the plant. It is an integral component of the vascular bundle, working alongside the xylem to ensure efficient movement of essential substances throughout the plant. The phloem is made up of several distinct types of cells, each serving specific functions to ensure the proper conduction and distribution of nutrients.

The main components of the phloem include sieve tubes, phloem parenchyma, and phloem fibres.

  1. Sieve Tubes: These are the primary conducting elements of the phloem, responsible for the long-distance transport of food. The cells in sieve tubes are aligned end-to-end, and their end walls, known as sieve plates, have pores that allow the movement of sap between cells. These tubes are living cells that facilitate the movement of sugars and other nutrients.

  2. Phloem Parenchyma: These are living, thin-walled cells that are involved in the storage of food and help with lateral transport of nutrients within the phloem. They play a supporting role in maintaining the proper function of the phloem by storing starch, sugars, and other substances and assisting in lateral (sideways) conduction of food.

  3. Phloem Fibres: These are elongated, dead cells with thick walls and narrow lumens (the central space within the cell). Phloem fibres are not involved in the transport of food but serve a mechanical role. They provide structural support and tensile strength to the phloem, helping maintain the integrity of the plant's vascular system, especially in supporting the plant against physical stresses.

Among the components of the phloem, phloem fibres are the only dead cells, while the rest, including the sieve tubes and phloem parenchyma, are living cells. The living nature of these cells is essential for their functions, such as food transport, storage, and lateral conduction. The combined actions of sieve tubes, phloem parenchyma, and phloem fibres ensure that the plant can efficiently transport nutrients, store food, and maintain mechanical strength, contributing to the overall health and functioning of the plant.


The correct option is – (b)- phloem fibres

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