The reason for the small radius of Ga compared to Al is _______.
(i) poor screening effect of d and f orbitals
(ii) increase in nuclear charge
(iii) presence of higher orbitals
(iv) higher atomic number
The answer is the option (i) poor screening effect of d and f orbitals and (ii) increase in nuclear charge.
The poor screening effect of the electrons and additional 10d electrons increase charge in Ga, and thus the radius of Ga is less than Al.