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  • In the nitration of benzene using a mixture of conc.{H}_{2}{SO}_{4} and conc. {HNO}_{3}, the species which initiates the reaction is __________. (i) {NO}_{2} (ii){NO}^{+} (iii) {NO}_{2}+ (iv) {NO}_{2}^{-}

In the nitration of benzene using a mixture of conc. \text {H}_{2}\text {SO}_{4} and conc. \text {HNO}_{3}, the species which initiates the reaction is __________.

(i) \text {NO}_{2}

(ii) \text {NO}^{+}

(iii) \text {NO}_{2}^+

(iv) \text {NO}_{2}^{-}

Answers (1)

Option (iii) is the correct answer.

Explanation: The process of nitration is initiated by \text {NO}_{2}^+ (Nitronium Ion) electrophile. It is then obtained as:

H_{2}SO_{4}\left ( conc. \right )\rightarrow H^{+}+HSO_{4}^{-}

H^{+}+HNO_{3}\rightarrow H_{2}NO_{3}^{+}

H_{2}NO_{3}^{+}\rightarrow NO_{2}^{+}+H_{2}O

 

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