Account for the following:
(iv) Although the amino group is o– and p– directing in aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions, aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of m- nitroaniline.
Nitration is carried out in strongly acidic medium, aniline is protonated to form the anilinium ion which is meta directing. Because of this reason, aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of meta - nitroaniline