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  • Define the following modes of expressing the concentration of a solution. Which of these modes are independent of temperature and why?

Define the following modes of expressing the concentration of a solution. Which of these modes are independent of temperature and why?
(i) w/w (mass percentage)
(ii) x (mole fraction)
(iii) V/V (volume percentage)
(iv) M (Molarity)
(v) w/V (mass by volume percentage)
(vi) m (Molality)
(vii) ppm (parts per million)

Answers (1)

 

  1. \text{w/w(Mass percentage)}=\frac{\text{Mass of component in the solution}}{\text{Total mass of the solution}}\times 100
  2. \text{V/V(Volume percentage)}=\frac{\text{Volume of component in the solution}}{\text{Total volume of the solution}}\times 100
  3. \text{w/V (mass by Volume percentage)}=\frac{\text{Mass of the solute}}{\text{Total volume of the solution}}\times 100
  4. \text{ppm (parts per million)}=\frac{\text{Number of parts of component}}{\text{Total number of parts of all components}}\times 10^{6}
  5. \text{x( Mole fraction)}=\frac{\text{Number of moles of component}}{\text{Total number of moles of all components}}
  6. \text{M (Molarity)}=\frac{\text{Moles of solute}}{\text{Volume of the solution in litre}}
  7. \text{m (Molality)}=\frac{\text{Moles of solute}}{\text{Mass of solvent in kg}}

Mass percentage, ppm, mole fraction and molality are only dependent on mass or number of moles making them independent of temperature changes.

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