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4.32 Distinguish between a sigma and a pi bond.
Answers (1)
Difference between the sigma bond and the pi bond is shown in the table below:
| Sigma |
Pi |
| (a) Formed by end to end overlapping of orbitals. | Formed by the lateral overlapping of orbitals |
| (b) Sigma bonds are stronger than the pi bond. | Weak bond. |
| (c) The orbitals involved in the overlapping are s-s, s-p, p-p. | Bonds are formed only with overlapping of p-p orbitals. |
| (d) The electron cloud is symmetrical about an internuclear axis. | The electron cloud is not symmetrical. |
| (e) Free rotation is possible in case of a sigma bond. | Rotation is restricted in case of pi-bonds. |
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