Explain the working and application of a SONAR.
Working of SONOR:
Sonar consists of a transmitter and a detector and is installed in a boat or a ship, as shown in the Figure below:
The transmitter produces and transmits ultrasonic waves. These waves travel through water and after striking the object on the seabed, get reflected and are sensed by the detector. The detector converts the ultrasonic waves into electrical signals which are appropriately interpreted. The distance of the object that reflected the sound wave can be calculated by knowing the speed of sound in water and the time interval between transmission and reception of the ultrasound.
Applications of SONOR:
The sonar technique is used to determine the depth of the sea and to locate underwater hills, valleys, submarines, icebergs, sunken ships, etc.