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11. Find dy/dx  in the following: 

y = \cos ^{-1} \left ( \frac{1 - x^2 }{1+ x^2 } \right ) , 0 < x < 1

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Given function is
y = \cos ^{-1} \left ( \frac{1 - x^2 }{1+ x^2 } \right )
Let's consider x = \tan t
Then,
\frac{d(x)}{dx} = \frac{d(\tan t)}{dt}.\frac{dt}{dx} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ (by \ chain \ rule)
1 = \sec^2 t . \frac{dt}{dx}\\ \frac{dt}{dx} = \frac{1}{\sec^2t} = \frac{1}{1+\tan ^2t} = \frac{1}{1+x^2}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ (\because \sec^2t=1+\tan^2t \ and \ x = \tan t)
Now,
\frac{1-x^2}{1+x^2} = \frac{1-\tan^2t }{1+\tan^2t} = \cos 2t \ \ \ \ \ \ (\because \cos 2x = \frac{1-\tan^2x }{1+\tan^2x} )
Our equation reduces to 
y = \cos^{-1}(\cos 2t)
y = 2t
Now, differentiation w.r.t. x is
\frac{d(y)}{dx} = \frac{d(2t)}{dt}.\frac{dt}{dx}
\frac{dy}{dx} = 2.\frac{1}{1+x^2} = \frac{2}{1+x^2}
Therefore, the answer is  \frac{2}{1+x^2}

Posted by

Gautam harsolia

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