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  • Find out the valency of the atoms represented by the Figure (a) and (b).

Find out the valency of the atoms represented by the Figure (a) and (b).

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Atom (a) has zero valency since it has 8 electrons in the valence shell and has achieved a stable configuration. Atom (b) has a valency of 1 since it has 7 electrons in the valence shell. Atom (b) can accept more electrons in order to achieve a stable (octet) configuration.

The octet rule dictates that atoms are most stable when their valence shells are filled with eight electrons. It is based on the observation that the atoms of the main group elements have a tendency to participate in chemical bonding in such a way that each atom of the resulting molecule has eight electrons in the valence shell. The octet rule is only applicable to the main group elements.

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