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  • Give a brief description of the principles of the following techniques taking an example in each case : Distillation

12.18.    Give a brief description of the principles of the following techniques taking an example in each case.

                (b) Distillation

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Distillation-
This method is used for the purification of liquids from non-volatile impurities. It is based on the fact that fluids of having different boiling points vaporise at different temperatures. The impure liquid is boiled in a flask, and initially, the vapours of lower boiling points component are formed. The vapours are condensed by using a condenser, and the liquid is collected in a receiver.
For example- Organic liquids such as benzene, toluene, xylene etc can be purified by this method.
 

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