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Q 12.14     How will you prepare the following compounds from benzene? You may use any inorganic reagent and any organic reagent having not more than one carbon atom

         (iii)    p-nitrobenzoic acid

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By friedel craft alkylation of benzene give methyl benzene, which on nitration give meta and para substituted methyl benzene, para substituted is major product. Oxidation of para substituted methyl benzene(KMnO_{4}/KOH) gives salts of carboxylic acid, which on further acidic hydrolysis gives p-nitrobenzoic acid.

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