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Q: 11.4 (b) Monochromatic light of wavelength 632.8\hspace{1mm}nm is produced by a helium-neon laser. The power emitted is 9.42\hspace{1mm}mW.

How many photons per second, on the average, arrive at a target irradiated by this beam? Assume the beam to have uniform cross-section which is less than the target area), 

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Power of the light beam, P =9.42 mW

If n number of photons arrive at a target per second nE=P (E is the energy of one photon)

\\n=\frac{P}{E}\\ n=\frac{9.42\times 10^{-3}}{3.14\times 10^{-19}}\\ n=3\times 10^{16}

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