Browse by Stream
QnA
Home
QnA
Go To Your Study Dashboard

Get Answers to all your Questions

header-bg qa
  • Home
  • NCERT
  • Show that for a particle in linear SHM the average kinetic energy over a period of oscillation equals the average potential energy over the same period.

14.22 Show that for a particle in linear SHM the average kinetic energy over a period of oscillation equals the average potential energy over the same period.

Answers (1)

best_answer

Let the equation of oscillation be given by x=Asin(\omega t)

Velocity would be given as 

\\v=\frac{dx}{dt}\\ v=A\omega cost(\omega t)

Kinetic energy at an instant is given by

\\K(t)=\frac{1}{2}m(v(t))^{2}\\ K(t)=\frac{1}{2}m(A\omega cos(\omega t))^{2}\\ K(t)=\frac{1}{2}mA^{2}\omega ^{2}cos^{2}\omega t

Time Period  is given by

T=\frac{2\pi }{\omega }

The Average Kinetic Energy would be given as follows

\\K_{av}=\frac{\int _{0}^{T}K(t)dt}{\int _{0}^{T}dt}\\ K_{av}=\frac{1}{T}\int _{0}^{T}K(t)dt\\ K_{av}=\frac{1}{T}\int_{0}^{T}\frac{1}{2}mA^{2}\omega ^{2}cos^{2}\omega t\ dt\\K_{av}=\frac{mA^{2}\omega ^{2}}{2T}\int_{0}^{T}cos^{2}\omega t\ dt\\ K_{av}=\frac{mA^{2}\omega ^{2}}{2T}\int_{0}^{T}\left ( \frac{1+cos2\omega t}{2} \right )dt

\\K_{av}=\frac{mA^{2}\omega ^{2}}{2T}\left [ \frac{t}{2} +\frac{sin2\omega t}{4\omega }\right ]_{0}^{T}\\ K_{av}=\frac{mA^{2}\omega ^{2}}{2T}\left [ \left ( \frac{T}{2}+\frac{sin2\omega T}{4\omega } \right )-\left ( 0+sin(0) \right ) \right ]\\ K_{av}=\frac{mA^{2}\omega ^{2}}{2T}\times \frac{T}{2}\\ K_{av}=\frac{mA^{2}\omega ^{2}}{4}

The potential energy at an instant T is given by 

\\U(t)=\frac{1}{2}kx^{2}\\ U(t)=\frac{1}{2}m\omega ^{2}(Asin(\omega t))^{2}\\ U(t)=\frac{1}{2}m\omega ^{2}A^{2}sin^{2}\omega t

The Average Potential Energy would be given by

\\U_{av}=\frac{\int_{0}^{T}U(t)dt}{\int_{0}^{T}dt}\\ \\U_{av}=\frac{1}{T}\int_{0}^{T}\frac{1}{2}m\omega ^{2}A^{2}sin^{2}\omega t\ dt\\ \\U_{av}=\frac{m\omega ^{2}A^{2}}{2T}\int_{0}^{T}sin^{2}\omega t\ dt\\\\ \\U_{av}=\frac{m\omega ^{2}A^{2}}{2T}\int_{0}^{T}\frac{(1-cos2\omega t)}{2}dt

\\U_{av}=\frac{m\omega ^{2}A^{2}}{2T}\left [ \frac{t}{2} -\frac{sin2\omega t}{4\omega }\right ]_{0}^{T}\\ \\U_{av}=\frac{m\omega ^{2}A^{2}}{2T}\left [ \left ( \frac{T}{2}-\frac{sin2\omega T}{4\omega } \right )-\left ( 0-sin0 \right ) \right ]\\ U_{av}=\frac{m\omega ^{2}A^{2}}{2T}\times \frac{T}{2}\\ U_{av}=\frac{m\omega ^{2}A^{2}}{4}

We can see Kav = Uav

Posted by

Sayak

View full answer

Crack CUET with india's "Best Teachers"

  • HD Video Lectures
  • Unlimited Mock Tests
  • Faculty Support
cuet_ads

Similar Questions

Trending Articles/News

anam-khan

CBSE Board Exams 2025: Counselling for students, parents from February 1
anam-khan

CBSE asks schools to include APAAR IDs in school ID after NTA says ‘not mandatory’ for NEET
anam-khan

CBSE Board Exams 2025: What the ethics code bans from exam centres

Latest Question