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 5. What are the major groups of microorganisms?

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The major groups of microorganisms are as follows:

(i) Bacteria- These are unicellular organisms. Some of the most common examples of bacteria are Salmonella typhi, Rhizobium, Mycobacterium etc. Typhoid and tuberculosis (TB) are bacterial diseases.

(ii) Fungi- These are multicellular organisms that feed on dead and decaying matter. Bread mould is a common example.

(iii) Protozoa- These are unicellular organisms which are mostly parasitic. The organisms like  Amoeba, Plasmodium etc are under this category. Dysentery and malaria are caused by protozoans.

(iv) Virus- These are acellular organisms which reproduce only inside the cells of the host organism. These cause diseases like chicken pox and polio.

(v) Algae- They are unicellular or multicellular organism. Spirogyra, Chlamydomonas, and Ulva are some examples of algae. 

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