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4.24     What is meant by hybridisation of atomic orbitals ? Describe the shapes of SP, SP^{2}, SP^{3}  hybrid orbitals.

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Hybridisation which can be defined as the process of intermixing of the orbitals of slightly different energies so as to redistribute their energies, resulting in the formation of a new set of orbitals of equivalent energies and shape.

The shapes of SP, SP^{2}, SP^{3}  hybrid orbitals are shown:

SP hybrid orbital: It is linear in shape and formed by intermixing of s and p orbitals.

SP^{2} hybrid orbital: It is the trigonal planar shape and is formed by the intermixing of one s-orbital and two 2p-orbitals.

SP^{3}  hybrid orbital: It is tetrahedron in shape and is formed by the intermixing of one s-orbital and three p-orbitals.

 

Posted by

Divya Prakash Singh

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