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  • Which of the following species can act as the strongest base ?

Which of the following species can act as the strongest base?

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The answer is the option (ii). The strength of a base is determined by the corresponding conjugate acid. If the acid is weak, the base is strong.

\text {OH+H}\rightarrow \text {H}_{2}\text {O}\left ( \text {Water} \right )

\text {OH+H}\rightarrow \text {ROH}\left ( \text {alcohol} \right )

\text {OC}_{6}\text {H}_{5}+\text {H}\rightarrow \text {C}_{6}\text {H}_{5}\text {OH}\left ( \text {phenol} \right )

\text {OC}_{6}\text {H}_{5}\left ( \text {m-NO}_{2} \right )+\text {H}\rightarrow \text {HOC}_{6}\text {H}_{5}\left ( \text {m-NO}_{2} \right )\left ( \text {m-nitrophenol} \right )

In the mentioned options, the phenol having a benzene ring has higher acidity than aliphatic alcohols. Since the acidity of water is more than alcohol, it makes \text {ROH} the least acidic product. Since, according to the above-mentioned point, the weaker acid makes a strong base. \text {RO} will be the strongest base in all four options. This makes option (ii) as is the right answer.

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