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Which out of N H_3 and N H_3  has a higher dipole moment and why?

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 Here both have a central atom Nitrogen and it has a lone pair of electrons with three bond pairs.

Hence both molecules have a pyramidal shape.

The electronegativity of fluorine is more as compared than that of hydrogen. Hence it is expected that the net dipole moment of N F_3 is greater than \mathrm{NH}_3.

However, \mathrm{NH}_3 has a net dipole moment of 1.46D and  N F_3 has a net dipole moment of 0.24D. which is greater than  $\mathrm{NF}_3.

This is because of the direction of the dipole moments of each bond in N H_3 and N F_3.

The moments of the lone pair in N F_3 partly cancel out. But in \mathrm{NH}_3 the resultant moment add up to the bond moment of the lone pair.

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Divya Prakash Singh

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