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  • Write a short note about Provincial administration under the Vijayanagar.

Write a short note about Provincial administration under the Vijayanagar.

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Provincial Administration- The smallest unit of administration was the UR or village. The military approach was taken care of in dividing the provinces. Generally, the people of the royal family (kumars or princes) were appointed as governors in the provinces. Skilled and experienced Dandanayaks were also appointed as governors in some provinces.

For the administration of a vast empire like Vijayanagara, it was divided into many provinces - 

Like- Provinces were called states.

Mandal (Commissionary) – used to come under the provinces.

Kottam or Valanadu – were called districts.

Nadu (Pargana or Tehsil) – came under Kottam or Valnadu.

Melagram (fifty grams) – used to come under the Nadus.

Site and Boundary – Some villages were clusters.

Nayankara system- In the context of the provincial administrative system of the Vijayanagara Empire, the Nayankara system was a very important part of it. It has been described as the most important feature of the Vijayanagara Empire. According to some historians, the generals in the Vijayanagara Empire were called Nayaks.

Some other historians say that the Nayaks were actually land feudatories, who were given a special land of Amaram in lieu of salary or for the maintenance of a subordinate army. He was also called Amarnayak because of his consumption of Amaram land.

Gram Sabhas - During this period, the Sabha and the Mahasabha were also called Ur and Mahajan elsewhere in some region.

Each village was divided into several wards or mohallas. The people of a particular village or area used to participate in the discussions of the meeting.

These village councils had the right to make available new land or other types of property and to sell the village's public land. These gram sabhas also collected state taxes.

The gram sabhas used to decide some civil cases and could punish the criminal in some minor criminal cases.

The assembly of the village of Bahamdeya was called ur. Although the Vijayanagara period used to hold meetings.

Iyengar system- Rural administration in the Vijayanagara period was organized with each village as an independent unit. On which twelve government persons were appointed to rule. This group of twelve government officials was called Iyengar. These officers were appointed by the government.

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Deependra Verma

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