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  • Estimate the average thermal energy of a helium atom at .

Q13.7 Estimate the average thermal energy of a helium atom at (i) room temperature (27^{0}C), (ii) the temperature on the surface of the Sun (6000K), (iii) the temperature of 10  million kelvin (the typical core temperature in the case of a  star).

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The average energy of a Helium atom is given as \frac{3kT}{2} since it is monoatomic

(i)

\\E=\frac{3kT}{2}\\ E=\frac{3\times 1.38\times 10^{-23}\times 300}{2}\\ E=6.21\times 10^{-21}\ J

(ii)

\\E=\frac{3kT}{2}\\ E=\frac{3\times 1.38\times 10^{-23}\times 6000}{2}\\ E=1.242\times 10^{-19}\ J

(iii)

\\E=\frac{3kT}{2}\\ E=\frac{3\times 1.38\times 10^{-23}\times10^{7}}{2}\\ E=2.07\times 10^{-16}\ J

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