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  • Present a comparative account of the alkali and alkaline earth metals with respect to the following characteristics: (i) Tendency to form ionic / covalent compounds

Present a comparative account of the alkali and alkaline earth metals with respect to the following characteristics:
(i) Tendency to form ionic / covalent compounds
(ii) Nature of oxides and their solubility in water
(iii) Formation of oxosalts
(iv) Solubility of oxosalts
(v) Thermal stability of oxosalts

Answers (1)

(i) Compounds of alkaline earth metals are less ionic than alkali metals because of more effective nuclear charge and small size.

(ii) Oxides of alkaline earth metals are less basic than oxides of alkali metals. These oxides are water-soluble and reactions highly exothermic. Hydroxides of alkaline earth metals are less basic than hydroxides of alkali metals.

(iii) Alkaline earth metals give Oxo salts with oxoacids, but the reactivity of alkali metals is faster.

(iv) Oxo salts of alkaline earth metals are more soluble than that of alkali metals because of the smaller size of cations and higher hydration enthalpy.

(iv) Thermal stability of Oxo salts of alkali metals is higher than that of alkaline earth metals.

Na_{2}CO_{3}  is stable towards heat but MgCO_{3} decomposes into MgO and CO_{2} on heating.

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