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Gause's Competitive exclusion principle states that two species with identical niches cannot coexist indefinitely. Which of the following statements is the most appropriate regarding the validity of the principle?
It depends on how one defines a niche.
There are in nature many instances of continued coexistence of closely related species.
The principle is universally true.
It does not predict the outcome where both the species are equally strong competitors.
Answers (1)
The validity of Gause's Competitive Exclusion Principle can vary depending on how one defines and interprets the concept of a niche. A niche refers to the ecological role and requirements of a species within its habitat, including factors such as resource use, habitat preference, and interactions with other organisms.
If two species have truly identical niches, meaning they require exactly the same resources and occupy the same ecological roles, Gause's principle suggests that they cannot coexist indefinitely. However, in reality, it can be challenging to find two species that have precisely identical niches.
The concept of a niche can be more nuanced and complex, taking into account various factors and dimensions. For example, species may exhibit niche differentiation or resource partitioning, where they specialize in different aspects of the same resource or habitat. This differentiation can enable similar species to coexist by reducing direct competition.
Therefore, when evaluating the validity of Gause's Competitive Exclusion Principle, considering the definition and understanding of a niche becomes crucial. The principle can provide a valuable framework for understanding competition, but its applicability may depend on the specific definition and interpretation of niche characteristics.
Hence, the correct answer is option 1.
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