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6. Briefly describe water potential. What are the factors affecting it?

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Water potential is the quantitative measure of water to move from one part of the plant to the other part during various cellular processes such as diffusion, osmosis, etc. It is denoted by the Greek letter Psi or and is expressed in Pascals (Pa). Water pressure of pure water is taken as zero at standard temperature and pressure. A solution has less water potential due to less water concentration. Water potential of a cell is affected by solute and pressure potential.

Solute potential- The magnitude of lowering of water potential due to the dissolution of solute is called solute potential. 

Pressure potential- The water potential of pure water or a solution increases on the application of pressure values more than atmospheric pressure. It is termed as pressure potential.

The relation between water potential and pressure potential is as follows:

\psi _{w} = \psi _{s} + \psi _{p}

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