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The stability of +1 Oxidation state increases in the sequence:

  • Option 1)

    T1 < In < Ga < Al

  • Option 2)

    In < T1 < Ga < A1

  • Option 3)

    Ga < In < Al < T1

  • Option 4)

    Al < Ga < In < T1

 

Answers (1)

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As learnt in

Application of shielding effect -

1.  It has been used in explaining the inert pair effect.

2.  It has been used to explain the lanthanide and actinide contraction.

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 The tendency of ns2 electrons to not participate in bond formation is called inert pair effect. As this tendency increases down the group, so does the stability of +1 oxidation state.

Therefore, stability order of +1 oxidation state:

        Al < Ga < In < Tl


Option 1)

T1 < In < Ga < Al

This option is incorrect

Option 2)

In < T1 < Ga < A1

This option is incorrect

Option 3)

Ga < In < Al < T1

This option is incorrect

Option 4)

Al < Ga < In < T1

This option is correct

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Aadil

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