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  • During which phase the centromere splits and chromatids move towards the opposite poles by the shortening of spindle fibers attach to centromeres ?Option: 1</str

During which phase the centromere splits and chromatids move towards the opposite poles by the shortening of spindle fibers attach to centromeres ?

Option: 1

Prophase


Option: 2

Metaphase


Option: 3

Anaphase


Option: 4

Telophase


Answers (1)

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The karyokinesis of mitosis can be studied under the following heads:

1. Prophase: 

  • During this stage, the chromatin condenses and the chromosomes are visible.
  • The nucleolus disappears and the nuclear envelope fragments.
  • With the disappearance of the nuclear membrane, the centrioles migrate to the opposite end and spindle formation occurs.
  • Till prophase, the chromosomes have no particular orientation because the spindle has not yet formed.
  • During late prophase or prometaphase, kinetochores appear on each side of the centromere. 
  • The sister chromatids are attached to the so-called kinetochore spindle fibers with the help of the kinetochore.


2. Metaphase:

  • Chromosomes become fully condensed and distinct.
  • Chromosomes move towards the equatorial plane of spindles or metaphase plates.
  • Chromosomes are arranged with their arms directed towards pole and centromere towards the equator.


3. Anaphase: 

  • The centromere splits and the two chromatids of the duplicated chromosomes separate from each other.
  • Each chromatid now becomes a daughter chromosome.
  • Daughter chromosomes, each with a centromere and single chromatid appear to move toward opposite poles.
  • Anaphase is the shortest phase of mitosis.

4. Telophase:

  • During this phase, the spindle disappears and new nuclear envelopes develop around the daughter chromosomes.
  • Each daughter nucleus contains the same number and kinds of chromosomes as the original parent cell.
  • The chromosomes become diffuse chromatin and the nucleolus reappears.
  • It is followed by the division of the cytoplasm

During Anaphase: The centromere splits and the two chromatids of the duplicated chromosomes separate from each other. Each chromatid now becomes a daughter chromosome. Daughter chromosomes, each with a centromere and single chromatid appear to move toward opposite poles.

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