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15. How do biofertilisers enrich the fertility of the soil?

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The term biofertilizer is used for microorganisms that bring nutrient enrichment and minimize the environmental hazards of chemical fertilizers. These biofertilizers increase the physical and chemical structure of soil like buffer capacity and water holding capacity of the soil. Biofertilizers can be introduced into seeds, roots or soil in order to mobilize the desired nutrient. Rhizobium is a biofertilizer, that is introduced in roots and it fixes nitrogen for the plants. Similarly, Cyanobacteria like Nostoc, Anabaena are also used for fixing nitrogen.

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