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6.2 What is the significance of leaching in the extraction of aluminium?

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In the extraction of aluminium, the significance of leaching is to concentrate the pure alumina (Al_{2}O_{3}) from bauxite ore.

\\Al_{2}O_{3}(s)+2NaOH(aq)+3H_{2}O\rightarrow 2Na[Al(OH)_{4}](aq)\\ SiO_{2}(l)+2NaOH(aq)\rightarrow NaSiO_{3}(aq)+H_{2}O 

Impurities are then filtered and the solution is neutralized by carbon dioxide gas 

2Na[Al(OH)_{4}](aq)+CO_{2}(g)\rightarrow Al_{2}O_{3}.xH_{2}O(s)+2NaHCO_{3}(aq)   

                                                                   (hydrated alumina)

Al_{2}O_{3}.xH_{2}O(s)\overset{\Delta }{\rightarrow} Al_{2}O_{3}+xH_{2}O

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