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4. Write critical notes on the following:  

    (c) Groundwater depletion and ways for its replenishment

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Groundwater depletion and ways of its replenishment- 

Groundwater is being pumped out at an enormous rate for its use in agricultural and urban areas resulting in the fall of the water table by 10 m to 30m and depletion of groundwater. 

Ways of replenishment of groundwater-

1. Rainwater harvesting- The rainwater can be preserved and through this, groundwater is recharged. 

2. Sprinkler and sub-surface irrigation techniques- This technique leads to a reduction in the amount of groundwater used for irrigation.

3. Afforestation- Afforestation is the process of planting trees in areas that had no previous tree cover, to restore ecosystems, combating deforestation, and mitigating climate change.

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