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(a) According to ecologists, tropical regions in the world account for greater biological diversity. Justify.

(b) Why are habitat loss and alien species invasion considered as the causes of biodiversity loss ? Explain with the help of an example of each.

 

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a) 

According to ecologists, tropical regions in the world account for greater biological diversity. As the tropical environment is less seasonal, more constant and it is predictable, so this type of constant environment promotes niche specialization. Even in tropical regions, more solar energy is available in the contributes to higher productivity and greater diversity.

b)

  1. Habitat loss: By cutting down the amazon rain forest for cultivating soybeans nd other worse human activities are leading to the clearing of forests for commercial or tourism purposes, which are becoming the major reason of habitat loss.
  2. Alien species invasion -In East Africa, Nile perch are introduced into Lake Victoria which led eventually to the extinction of an ecologically unique assemblage of more than 200 species of fish in the lake which is promoting the alien species invasion.
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