# (a) State Gauss’s law for magnetism. Explain its significance. (b) Write the four important properties of the magnetic field lines due to a bar magnet.

(a) Gauss's law for magnetism states that the total magnetic flux through a closed surface is always zero. Mathematically, it can be described as $\phi=\oint \vec{B}.d\vec{s}=o$.

It is the same as saying that monopoles can't exist.

(b) The four important properties of the magnetic field lines due to a bar magnet are as follows:

(i) The magnetic field lines due to a bar magnet never intersect each other.

(ii) The number of field lines crossing per unit area is proportional to the magnitude of the magnetic field.

(iii) The tangent to the field line at a given point gives the direction of the magnetic field at that point.

(iv) The magnetic field lines due to a bar magnet form continuous closed loops.

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