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Get Answers to all your Questions
(a) write the contributions of the following scientists in deciphering the genetic code.
Georce Gamow; Hargobind Khorana; Marshall Nirenberg; Severo Ochoa
(b) State the importance of a genetic code in protein biosynthesis.
Answers (1)
(a) George Gamow - He suggested that in order to code for all the amino acids, the code should be made up of three nucleotides.
Hargobind Khurana - He developed the chemical method which was instrumental in synthesizing RNA molecules with a defined combination of bases (homopolymers and copolymers)
Marshall Nirenberg - His cell-free system for protein synthesis finally helped the code to be deciphered.
Severo Ochoa - Severo Ochoa enzymes (polynucleotide phosphorylase) was helpful in polymerizing RNA with defined sequences in a template-independent manner. (enzymatic synthesis of RNA)
(b) Importance of Genetic code in Protein biosynthesis:
One codon codes for only one amino acid, hence it is unambiguous and specific.
example - AUG codes for Methionine.
The genetic code is a set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA) is translated to proteins. The code is universal and the triplet codon codes for the specific amino acid and these amino acids together forms the protein which regulate various processes in our body.
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