Apply Gauss law to show that for a charged spherical shell, the electric field outside the shell is, as if the entire charge were concentrated at the centre.
Let us consider a spherical shell P with centre 'O' and Radius (R), also consider a gaussian surface outside the shell at a distance r from the centre of the shell.
the electric flux through the surface
from gauss law, we have
Now, from equation (i) and (ii), we have
This electric field is similar to that of a point charge q placed at the centre.