Define modulation index. why is it kept low? What is the role of a bandpass filter?
Modulation index measures how much modulation is done on the carrier signal. For amplitude modulation
modulation index
where Em is the amplitude of message signal and Ec is the amplitude of the carrier wave.
the modulation index is kept less than 1 to avoid the distortion in modulated signal.
Bandpass filter limits the bandwidth of output signal to the band required for transmission.