State the principle of a cyclotron. Show that the time period of revolution of particles in a cyclotron is independent of their speeds. Why is this property necessary for the operation of a cyclotron?
A cyclotron use both electric and magnetic field to increase the energy of charged particle.
The fields are perpendicular to each other
The magnetic field makes the charge to move in the circular path and alternating electric field accelerates the charged particles.
We have
T is independent of speed of the charged particle.
This property ensures that the cyclotron frequency matches the frequency of alternating electric field and charged particles get accelerated continuously.