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What is the meaning of antibodies?

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An antibody is a large Y - shaped structure protein. Antibodies are produced by plasma cells present in the blood. Antibodies are used again foreign substances called antigens carried by pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, or viruses when they enter into the body. 

Structure of an antibody :

  • Each antibody carries two heavy chains and two light chains joined to form a "Y" shaped structure. 
  • Each function is carried out by different parts of the antibody that are fragment antigen-binding (Fab fragment) and fragment crystallizable region (Fc region).
  • Fab fragment is a region on an antibody that binds to antigens and composed of one constant and one variable region present on each of the heavy and the light chain.
  • Fc region is the tail region of an antibody that interacts with cell surface receptors.
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Ritika Jonwal

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