Alkanes: Alkanes are the simplest family of hydrocarbons and they only contain carbon-hydrogen bonds and carbon-carbon single bonds.
Alkenes: Alkenes are a family of hydrocarbons containing at least one or more than one carbon-carbon double bond.
Alkynes: The alkynes are hydrocarbons, where there is at least one triple-bond between the atoms in the molecules.
Alkyl : an Alkyle substituent is an alkane missing one hydrogen. The term alkyl is intentionally unspecific to include many possible substitutions. An acyclic alkyl has the general formula CnH2n+1.