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  • Write short note on endoplasmic reticulum​

Write short note on endoplasmic reticulum​

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  • Endoplasmic reticulum are the tubules or sheets that forms networks within the cytoplasm

  • It is a membrane bound organelle helps in the transport of materials

  • Membranes of endoplasmic reticulum is same as that of plasma membrane

  • It can be of three shapes:

    • Sac called as cisternae

    • Tubule 

    • Bag like structures called as vesicles

  • There are two types of Endoplasmic Reticulum:

    • Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER):

      • It shows the presence of ribosomes on its surface which is responsible for the production of protein

      • RER helps in the transport of protein within the cell

    • Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER):

      • It lacks the presence of ribosomes on its surface

      • SER is responsible for the manufacturing of lipids and fat molecules that are required inside the cell

  • Uses of protein and lipid within the cell:

    • Building cell membrane (The process is known as biogenesis)

    • Manufacturing of enzymes

    • Manufacturing of hormones

  • Endoplasmic reticulum appears differently in different cells But can be identified as a network forming organelles

  • Functions of endoplasmic reticulum:

    • Transportation of materials to various parts of cell and between nucleus and cytoplasm

    • It provides mechanical support and framework to the cell

    • It helps in the manufacturing of lipids within the cell

    • It provides a surface for various biochemical reactions to take place within the cell. For example, in liver cells of the vertebrates, it helps the reaction for the metabolism of the poisonous materials and its detoxification.

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